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GHK-Cu
C14H24N6O4
H-Gly-DL-His-DL-Lys-OH
Key Benefits
Biologic Description
GHK-Cu (Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine Copper), a notable peptide class compound, exhibits a unique mechanism of action. This copper-binding peptide is crucial in the synthesis and decomposition of collagen and glycosaminoglycans. It modulates the activity of metalloproteinases and their inhibitors, stimulates the production of dermatan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, and decorin, and attracts immune and endothelial cells to injury sites.
This peptide has been the subject of various studies, highlighting its ability to enhance the survival of normal liver cells, stimulate growth in hepatoma cells, and exhibit regenerative and protective effects, especially in the context of new genetic data.
Also known as Growth-modulating peptide, Kollaren, Liver cell growth factor, Cu-GHK, and Glycyl-histidyl-lysine (monocopper salt), GHK-Cu finds its application in several research areas including wound healing, nerve regeneration, hair growth, anti-aging, and DNA repair. However, the mechanisms behind its effects are not fully understood, it has not received FDA approval, and there are concerns about counterfeit products in the market.
The chemical structure of GHK-Cu is particularly notable for its copper-binding capabilities. Discovered in 1973 by Dr. Loren Pickart, this human copper-binding peptide is present in cell plasma, saliva, and urine. Its levels naturally decline with age, which has implications for its healing and regenerative abilities. GHK-Cu plays a critical role in healing and antioxidative processes, primarily due to its copper-binding ability essential for copper metabolism. It also impacts gene regulation related to skin repair, healing, and the growth of blood vessels and nerves.
Clinical trials have highlighted GHK-Cu's potential in tissue healing, enhancing skin quality, exerting antioxidant effects, and promoting hair growth. It has also shown promise in reducing anxiety, as evidenced by animal studies.
Dosage Guidelines
GHK-Cu is generally considered safe, though specific dosing guidelines for therapeutic use are not yet established. Dr. Pickart suggests that a cumulative dose of 1-2mg, administered intramuscularly, might offer health benefits. Research has also indicated that a total dose of 1.1 mg/kg body weight can yield positive results.
In research settings, the typical injectable dose ranges from 1-2 mg daily, administered over a thirty-day period. This baseline dosage can be increased if necessary, but it is advisable to use the minimum effective dose.
For topical applications, like skin creams containing GHK-Cu, usage should be based on individual needs.
1-2 mg
Daily
30-Days
Side Effects
GHK-Cu, a substance naturally occurring in the body, has been generally observed to be safe in various applications. Dr. Loren Pickart, who initially isolated GHK-Cu, has reported no significant issues during its use in skin cosmetics or human wound healing studies.
Despite its largely safe profile, GHK-Cu is not without potential side effects. A notable effect is its capacity to lower blood pressure. At high doses, this could pose serious health risks, potentially even fatal. It's estimated that the lethal dose of GHK-Cu is around 330 mg/kg body weight, significantly higher than its effective dose. This information is particularly relevant for the design of research studies.
Currently, GHK-Cu has not received approval for therapeutic use in humans by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or by any international regulatory agencies. Consequently, any claims about GHK-Cu's safety should be approached with caution.
Researchers should be aware that, while GHK-Cu has a generally favorable safety profile, the administration of peptides, including GHK-Cu, can be associated with side effects such as injection site pain, lightheadedness, nausea, and flu-like symptoms.
When administered via injection, GHK-Cu should be handled with utmost care and only by qualified professionals. This includes following appropriate dosages and monitoring for any adverse reactions.
In cases where GHK-Cu is included in over-the-counter creams or topical products, it should be used as instructed. Users should adhere to the recommended application guidelines to avoid potential side effects and to achieve desired outcomes.
References:
GHK – Copper Peptide in Skin Remodeling and Anti-Aging
This paper discusses the molecular actions of GHK-Cu, particularly its role in anti-aging and skin remodeling. GHK-Cu is shown to increase the production of key skin proteins like collagen and modulates the skin remodeling process by stimulating both breakdown and synthesis of dermal matrix components.
Author: A. M. L. Pickart
Publication Date: Not specified
Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data
This study highlights the diverse biological actions of GHK-Cu, including its stimulatory effects on blood vessel and nerve outgrowth, and the synthesis of collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycan. GHK-Cu has been found to possess multiple health-positive actions, such as improving tissue repair in various body tissues, including the skin.
Authors: L. Pickart, A. Margolina
Published: 2018-07-01
Effects of GHK-Cu on MMP and TIMP Expression, Collagen and Elastin Production, and Facial Wrinkle Parameters
This study investigates the effects of GHK-Cu on gene expression of metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and its impact on collagen and elastin production by human adult dermal fibroblasts. A clinical trial showed that topical application of GHK-Cu significantly reduced wrinkle volume, indicating its potential in skin anti-aging and wound healing.
Authors: T. Badenhorst, D. Svirskis, M. Merrilees, L. Bolke, Zimei Wu
Published: 2016-12-22
GHK Peptide as a Natural Modulator of Multiple Cellular Pathways in Skin Regeneration
This review discusses the role of GHK (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine) in skin regeneration. GHK, often in complex with copper, is proposed to accelerate wound healing and skin repair by stimulating the synthesis and breakdown of collagen and glycosaminoglycans. It has been found effective in tightening loose skin, reducing wrinkles, and modulating the activity of over 4,000 human genes.
Authors: L. Pickart, Jessica Michelle Vasquez-Soltero, A. Margolina
Published: 2015-07-07